A Novel Measurement-Based Computational Method for Real-Time Distribution of Lateral Wheel-Rail Contact Forces

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dc.authorid0000-0002-3011-213X
dc.contributor.authorBulduk, Nihat
dc.contributor.authorMetin, Muzaffer
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-31T15:09:05Z
dc.date.available2026-01-31T15:09:05Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentİstanbul Beykent Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractThis study has developed a novel measurement-based computational method that accurately determines the vertical and lateral wheel-rail contact forces transmitted from railway vehicles to the rails. A major contribution-and the first in the literature-is the analytical distribution of the total lateral wheelset force into its outer-wheel and inner-wheel components, thereby enabling precise individual evaluation of derailment risk on each wheel in curved tracks. Analytical equations derived from Newton's second law were first formulated to express both vertical forces and total axle lateral force directly from bogie/axle-box accelerations and suspension reactions. To eliminate the deviations caused by conventional simplifying assumptions (neglect of creep effects, wheel diameter variation, and constant contact geometry), surrogate functions and distribution equations sensitive to curve radius, vehicle speed, and cant deficiency were introduced for the first time and seamlessly integrated into the equations. Validation was performed using the Istanbul Tramway multibody model in SIMPACK 2024x.2, with the equations implemented in MATLAB/Simulink R2024b. Excellent agreement with SIMPACK reference results was achieved on straight tracks and curves, after regression-based calibration of the surrogate functions. Although the method requires an initial regression calibration within a simulation environment, it relies exclusively on measurable parameters, ensuring low cost, full compatibility with existing vehicle sensors, and genuine suitability for real-time monitoring. Consequently, it supports predictive maintenance and proactive safety management while overcoming the practical limitations of instrumented wheelsets and offering a robust, fleet-scalable alternative for the railway industry.
dc.description.sponsorshipTHE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF TURKEY (TUBITAK) [222M001]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by the THE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF TURKEY (TUBITAK) through the Program for Scientific and Technological Research Projects (1001), grant number 222M001.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/machines13121105
dc.identifier.issn2075-1702
dc.identifier.issue12
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105025937742
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org./10.3390/machines13121105
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12662/10817
dc.identifier.volume13
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001647042200001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMdpi
dc.relation.ispartofMachines
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20260128
dc.subjectrailway
dc.subjectcontact force
dc.subjectwheel-rail contact
dc.subjectsafety
dc.subjectdynamic simulation
dc.subjectreal-time monitoring
dc.subjectcomputational method
dc.subjectinstrumented wheelset
dc.subjectSIMPACK
dc.subjectsurrogate function
dc.titleA Novel Measurement-Based Computational Method for Real-Time Distribution of Lateral Wheel-Rail Contact Forces
dc.typeArticle

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