Doping liquid argon with xenon in ProtoDUNE Single-Phase: effects on scintillation light

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dc.authoridMarchionni, Alberto/0000-0003-3039-9537
dc.authoridFilthaut, Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247
dc.authoridde Mello Neto, Joao/0000-0002-3234-6634
dc.authoridBlazey, Gerald Charles/0000-0002-7435-5758
dc.authoridGardiner, Steven/0000-0002-8368-5898
dc.authoridNebot Guinot, Miquel/0000-0002-4784-9867
dc.authoridEreditato, Antonio/0000-0002-5423-8079
dc.contributor.authorAbud, A. Abed
dc.contributor.authorAbi, B.
dc.contributor.authorAcciarri, R.
dc.contributor.authorAcero, M. A.
dc.contributor.authorAdames, M. R.
dc.contributor.authorAdamov, G.
dc.contributor.authorAdamowski, M.
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-09T10:49:00Z
dc.date.available2025-03-09T10:49:00Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentİstanbul Beykent Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractDoping of liquid argon TPCs (LArTPCs) with a small concentration of xenon is a technique for light-shifting and facilitates the detection of the liquid argon scintillation light. In this paper, we present the results of the first doping test ever performed in a kiloton-scale LArTPC. From February to May 2020, we carried out this special run in the single-phase DUNE Far Detector prototype (ProtoDUNE-SP) at CERN, featuring 720 t of total liquid argon mass with 410 t of fiducial mass. A 5.4 ppm nitrogen contamination was present during the xenon doping campaign. The goal of the run was to measure the light and charge response of the detector to the addition of xenon, up to a concentration of 18.8 ppm. The main purpose was to test the possibility for reduction of non-uniformities in light collection, caused by deployment of photon detectors only within the anode planes. Light collection was analysed as a function of the xenon concentration, by using the pre-existing photon detection system (PDS) of ProtoDUNE-SP and an additional smaller set-up installed specifically for this run. In this paper we first summarize our current understanding of the argon-xenon energy transfer process and the impact of the presence of nitrogen in argon with and without xenon dopant. We then describe the key elements of ProtoDUNE-SP and the injection method deployed. Two dedicated photon detectors were able to collect the light produced by xenon and the total light. The ratio of these components was measured to be about 0.65 as 18.8 ppm of xenon were injected. We performed studies of the collection efficiency as a function of the distance between tracks and light detectors, demonstrating enhanced uniformity of response for the anode-mounted PDS. We also show that xenon doping can substantially recover light losses due to contamination of the liquid argon by nitrogen.
dc.description.sponsorshipFermi Research Alliance, LLC (FRA) [DE-AC02-07CH11359]; CNPq, Brazil; FAPERJ, Brazil; FAPEG, Brazil; FAPESP, Brazil; CFI, Canada; IPP, Canada; NSERC, Canada; CERN; MSMT, Czech Republic; ERDF, European Union; H2020-EU, European Union; MSCA, European Union; CNRS/IN2P3, France; CEA, France; INFN, Italy; FCT, Portugal; NRF, South Korea; CAM, Spain; Fundacion La Caixa, Spain; Junta de Andalucia-FEDER, Spain; MICINN, Spain; Xunta de Galicia, Spain; SERI, Switzerland; SNSF, Switzerland; TUBITAK, Turkey; Royal Society, United Kingdom; UKRI/STFC, United Kingdom; DOE, United States of America; NSF, United States of America
dc.description.sponsorshipThis document was prepared by the DUNE collaboration using the resources of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, HEP User Facility. Fermilab is managed by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC (FRA), acting under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359. This work was supported by CNPq, FAPERJ, FAPEG and FAPESP, Brazil; CFI, IPP and NSERC, Canada; CERN; MSMT, Czech Republic; ERDF, H2020-EU and MSCA, European Union; CNRS/IN2P3 and CEA, France; INFN, Italy; FCT, Portugal; NRF, South Korea; CAM, Fundacion La Caixa, Junta de Andalucia-FEDER, MICINN, and Xunta de Galicia, Spain; SERI and SNSF, Switzerland; TUBITAK, Turkey; The Royal Society and UKRI/STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America.
dc.identifier.doi10.1088/1748-0221/19/08/P08005
dc.identifier.issn1748-0221
dc.identifier.issue8
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85200895495
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/08/P08005
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12662/4686
dc.identifier.volume19
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001381766600003
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherIOP Publishing Ltd
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Instrumentation
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250310
dc.subjectNeutrino detectors
dc.subjectNoble liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization, double-phase)
dc.subjectPhoton detectors for UV
dc.subjectvisible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs
dc.subjectCMOS imagers, etc)
dc.titleDoping liquid argon with xenon in ProtoDUNE Single-Phase: effects on scintillation light
dc.typeArticle

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