Cytotoxic activity and apoptosis induction by a series Ag(I)-NHC complexes on human breast cancer cells and non-tumorigenic epithelial cell line

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dc.contributor.authorKutlu, Turkan
dc.contributor.authorYildirim, Isil
dc.contributor.authorKarabiyik, Hande
dc.contributor.authorKilincli, Ayten
dc.contributor.authorTekedereli, Ibrahim
dc.contributor.authorGok, Yetkin
dc.contributor.authorDikmen, Miris
dc.date.accessioned2024-03-13T10:35:07Z
dc.date.available2024-03-13T10:35:07Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.departmentİstanbul Beykent Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractThe main problems encountered in treatment with anticancer drugs, undesired side effects, and toxicity. One of the most important parameters in cell transport is the lipophilic and solubility property of the drug. Enough with the potential effects, side effects with minimal demand for new anti-cancer compounds, mechanisms of action of the compound can meet because of increased efforts to be clarified. In this case, scientists were encouraged to do new research. In particular, the organometallic compounds are one of the topics focused lately. Ag(I)-NHC complexes are one of the most important classes of organometallic compounds. Although the anticancer activity of Ag(I)-NHC complexes have been known recently times, the anticancer effects of 2-morpholino ethyl substituted benzimidazolium derivative, lipophilic, and solubility properties. Ag(I)-NHC complexes have not unknown yet. Therefore, we aimed to investigate of cytotoxic effect and apoptosis mechanism on breast cancer cell lines (MCF7), breast adenocarcinoma cell lines (MDA-MB-231), and non-tumorigenic epithelium cell lines (MCF 10A) of new Ag(I)-NHC complexes that derivative from morpholine-linked benzimidazole, were synthesized and antimicrobial activity was determined in our previous study. The cytotoxicity was determined by the MTS method, and the apoptosis mechanisms were determined the cell cycle, Annexin V, and caspase-3 analysis. A new benzimidazolium salt bearing morpholino ethyl substituent (2) was synthesized. This benzimidazolium salt was characterized by NMR and FT-IR spectroscopic method and elemental analysis technique. Also, the structure of the new benzimidazolium salt was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Ag(I)-NHC complexes inhibited the growth of MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells depending on the dosage and time. The complexes 3a and 3b exhibited a significant difference p < 0.05; p < 0.001; and p < 0.001 level depend on depending on the increase in concentration on cancer cells. All compound induced by apoptosis was associated with stopping the cell cycle in phase G1 and the caspase-3 activity exhibited. The complex 3c was the lowest number of caspase-activating cells (2.1%) compared with both the control and other complexes in MDA-MB-231 cells. But the complex 3a was the highest number of caspase-activating cells (% 9.6). These findings have shown that these new Ag(I)-NHC complexes can be important new anticancer agents for breast cancer treatments. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipInonu University Research Project Unit [LUBAP 2016/154]; Dokuz Eylul University [2010.1413.FEN.13]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipI would like to thank all authors for their contributions. Studies were carried out in the Inonu University Molecular Biology and Genetic Cell Culture Laboratory. This study was supported by Inonu University Research Project Unit (Project No: LUBAP 2016/154). This work is part of Yildirim's doctoral dissertation. The authors acknowledge Dokuz Eylul University for the use of the Rigaku Oxford Xcalibur Eos Diffractometer (purchased under University Research Grant No. 2010.1413.FEN.13).en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129462
dc.identifier.issn0022-2860
dc.identifier.issn1872-8014
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85094101503en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129462
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12662/4240
dc.identifier.volume1228en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000609160500007en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal Of Molecular Structureen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectAg(I)-NHCen_US
dc.subjectMorpholineen_US
dc.subjectBenzimidazoliumen_US
dc.subjectXRDen_US
dc.subjectMCF7en_US
dc.subjectMDA-MB-231en_US
dc.subjectMCF10Aen_US
dc.subjectApoptosisen_US
dc.subjectFlow cytometryen_US
dc.titleCytotoxic activity and apoptosis induction by a series Ag(I)-NHC complexes on human breast cancer cells and non-tumorigenic epithelial cell lineen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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