Mono- and Co- solvency based transesterification of Caryota urens seed oil

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dc.contributor.authorSrinivasan, Gokul Raghavendra
dc.contributor.authorYadav, Krishna Kumar
dc.contributor.authorSener, Arif Senol
dc.contributor.authorYaseen, Zaher Mundher
dc.contributor.authorHasan, Mudassir
dc.contributor.authorKengara, Fredrick Orori
dc.contributor.authorRavindran, Balasubramani
dc.date.accessioned2024-03-13T10:34:57Z
dc.date.available2024-03-13T10:34:57Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentİstanbul Beykent Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractThis study aims to comprehensively evaluate the reaction parameters and fuel properties of biodiesel derived from underutilized waste Caryota urens seed oil (CUO) using mono- and co -solvency -based transesterification. The CUO was extracted through both solvent extraction at the laboratory scale and mechanical screw press for large-scale purposes, with a maximum oil content of 7.76 +/- 1.52% (wt%) reported. Transesterification of CUO was carried out using methyl, ethyl, and methyl -ethyl -based reaction systems employing KOH as a base catalyst and ethanol as a co -solvent. The highest yields were achieved under optimized reaction conditions: molar ratio of 1:9, catalyst concentration of 0.75, 0.6, and 0.6 wt%, reaction temperatures of 60, 75, and 70 degrees C, reaction times of 135, 90, and 40 min, and methanol to ethanol ratio of 4.5/4.5. Notably, the addition of ethanol in an equivalent ratio to methanol altered the reaction kinetics and product distributions, encouraged reactions at higher temperatures without any loss of solvent loss, reduced the overall reaction time, enhanced the overall ester yield, and exhibited the most favourable fuel properties. In fact, fuel properties of both CUO ethyl and methyl -ethyl esters, evaluated as per ASTM D6751 standards, reported enhanced calorific value (40.14 and 39.67 MJ/kg), cetane number (69.29 and 68.27), kinematic viscosity (5.27 and 5.03 mm(2)/s), and reduced density (870.76 and 871.41 kg/m(3)) than compared to CUO methyl esters. The findings of this research indicate that CUO esters, regardless of their form, hold significant potential as a promising source of biodiesel fuel.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipDeanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University [RGP2/172/44]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through large group Research Project under grant number RGP2/172/44.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.117965
dc.identifier.issn0926-6690
dc.identifier.issn1872-633X
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.117965
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12662/4178
dc.identifier.volume209en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001154872600001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/Aen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.relation.ispartofIndustrial Crops And Productsen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectCaryota urens oilen_US
dc.subjectCo-solvencyen_US
dc.subjectCaryota urens oil methyl ethyl estersen_US
dc.subjectEthanolen_US
dc.subjectCalorific valueen_US
dc.subjectReduced reaction timeen_US
dc.titleMono- and Co- solvency based transesterification of Caryota urens seed oilen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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