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Öğe Corporate Sustainability Initiatives in Gender Equality: Organizational Practices Fostering Inclusiveness at Work in an Emerging-Market Context(World Scientific, 2019) Gülsoy, Tanses; Ustabaş, AyferThe objective of this paper is to explore through in-depth interviews the reasons why diversity management initiatives targeting women is an important strategic management issue for companies. Interviewed are the human resource managers of two of Turkey's leading business groups: a manager from the HR department of one of Turkey's largest banks and the deputy general manager of a non-governmental organization. The evidence suggests that these ¯rms exercise carefully honed policies aimed at fostering gender equality and to that end engage in avariety of activities targeting various human resource functions. Their motives appear to be to reinforce their corporate image, enhance employee satisfaction, and reap such anticipated rewards as greater productivity and increased innovation capability. The importance of company leadership is underlined as an antecedent to the adoption of gender-equality focussed diversity management. The study may have important implications for building sustainable corporate brands, especially in the emerging-market context.Öğe Has Intra-Industry Trade Changed After Protectionism?: The Case of US Automotive Industry(2018) Ustabaş, Ayfer; Yücel, Gülçin ElifThe automotive industry is one of the most important engines of economic development thanks to its contribution to employment, high valueadded creation capacity, production size, high share in global trade and attracting international investments. Therefore, changes in the industry affectthe entire economy. After the election of Donald Trump in the United States, restrictions were put on international trade in various ways andprotectionism came to the fore. In the study, it is aimed to analyze the intra-industry trade and competitiveness of the automotive industry productsbetween the years of 2007-2017. In the analyzes, the products and countries where the US has the most intense intra-industry trade in the automotiveindustry have been examined and the change before and after the protectionist policies have been compared. Intra-industry trade has been calculatedusing the Grubel-Lloyd index. In the analyzes, Harmonized System 6-digit trade data from the World Bank supported WITS software have been used.The results suggest that the share of intra-industry trade decreases as protectionism increases as expected.Öğe Inter-firm Relations Between Battery Suppliers and Electrical Vehicles Manufacturers: A Network Analysis(Atatürk Üniversitesi, 2020) Ustabaş, Ayfer; Döner, Ayşe SaimeGlobal automotive industry is on the verge of a significant transformation into the transition to electrified transportation. This transition affects not only the automobile supply chain but also the battery manufacturing because batteries constitute an important part of electrical cars’ production. Therefore, various manufacturers and countries are not only racing but also collaborating for battery manufacturing to be ahead of the technology race and hence improve their economic competitiveness and innovation capability. The aim of the study is to reveal the evolution of electrical vehicle battery manufacturing industry through the relationships between battery suppliers and electrical auto-makers by using the network analysis for 1997-2019 period. Another aim of the study is to investigate the role of these inter-firm relationships on determining the main actors of the electrical vehicle battery manufacturing industry. The study may have important implications to foresee the future of industrial actors belonging to battery manufacturing and automobile industry requiring both high level of innovation in the context of electrical vehicles.Öğe Inter-firm Relations Between Battery Suppliers and Electrical Vehicles Manufacturers: A Network Analysis(2020) Ustabaş, Ayfer; Döner, Ayşe SaimeGlobal automotive industry is on the verge of a significant transformation intothe transition to electrified transportation. This transition affects not only the automobilesupply chain but also the battery manufacturing because batteries constitute an importantpart of electrical cars’ production. Therefore, various manufacturers and countries are notonly racing but also collaborating for battery manufacturing to be ahead of the technologyrace and hence improve their economic competitiveness and innovation capability. The aimof the study is to reveal the evolution of electrical vehicle battery manufacturing industrythrough the relationships between battery suppliers and electrical auto-makers by using thenetwork analysis for 1997-2019 period. Another aim of the study is to investigate the role ofthese inter-firm relationships on determining the main actors of the electrical vehicle batterymanufacturing industry. The study may have important implications to foresee the future ofindustrial actors belonging to battery manufacturing and automobile industry requiring bothhigh level of innovation in the context of electrical vehicles.Öğe International Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, Financial Development and Renewable Energy Supply: Panel Data Evidence from Newly Industrialized Countries(World Economic Research Institute (WERI), 2022) Yücel, Gülçin Elif; Ustabaş, Ayfer; Acar, TuğçeIn many newly industrializing countries (NICs), increased international trade activities are often triggered by several advancements, including attracting foreign direct investment (FDI), financial development, and technological changes. Recently, abundant and diversified renewable energy sources used in production have also started to take their place among these advancements. Although the relationship between FDI, financial developments, and international trade for NICs has been analyzed in many studies, incorporating renewable energy supply’s impact in this linkage has been relatively narrow. This paper aims to fill the gap in the literature by investigating the effects of renewable energy supply on FDI, financial development, and international trade for newly industrialized countries using panel causality and panel cointegration analyses between 1990 and 2019. Our findings indicate (i) uni-directional causality running from international trade to financial development, (ii) uni-directional causality running from renewable energy supply to financial development, and (iii) bi-directional causality between financial development and FDI. The result of the cointegration analysis showed that there is no long-term relationship between the variables.Öğe Steel Companies in a Turmoil of “Trade Wars” : A View from Turkey(Beykent Üniversitesi, 2020) Gözkaman, Armağan; Ustabaş, Ayfer; Fındıklı, MineThe tariffs imposed by the United States (U.S.) on Turkish-origin steel products in 2018 undeniably affected the strategic behavior of steel companies based in Turkey. The objective of this paper is to analyze through semi-structured interviews how the trade strategy of Turkish steel firms is affected by these tariffs. Conventional wisdom commends that corporate response of steel companies against the tariff imposition focused mostly on two main strategies: seeking alternative markets and innovation- based product diversification. Our findings suggest that, a mixture of political and economic reasons lie behind the levies. This makes the Turkish case interesting in the overall trade wars between the U.S. and a multitude of countries, especially in the emerging-market concept.Öğe Ticaret Savaşları Bildiri Kitabı(Beykent Üniversitesi, 2020) Ustabaş, Ayfer[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Türkiye’nin Abd’ye Yönelik Çelik İhracatı İle Reel Döviz Kuru ve Abd Sanayi Üretim Endeksi Arasındaki İlişki: Nedensellik Analizi(Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2021) Ustabaş, Ayfer; Yücel, Gülçin Elif; Acar, TuğçeÇelik endüstrisi, Türkiye’nin en büyük ihracat hacmine sahip sektörleri arasında yer almasının yanı sıra otomotiv ve inşaat gibi birçok sektöre de temel girdi temin etmektedir. 2017 yılında Türkiye'nin toplam çelik ihracatının yüzde 15'i ABD'ye gerçekleştirilirken, bu oran ABD’nin Türkiye’ye yönelik uyguladığı korumacılık önlemleri sonrasında yüzde 3 seviyelerine kadar gerilemiştir. ABD’nin Türkiye’ye uyguladığı ek vergilerin yanı sıra hangi faktörlerin Türkiye’nin ABD’ye yaptığı çelik ihracatını etkilediğinin araştırılması bu çalışmanın çıkış noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, 2014:01-2019:12döneminde aylık veri seti kullanılarak, Türkiye’nin ABD’ye yaptığı çelik ihracatı ile reel döviz kuru ve ABD’nin sanayi üretim endeksi değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesidir. Bu amaçla analizde nedensellik ilişkisinin belirlenmesine yönelik ranger nedensellik testi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; Türkiye’nin ABD’ye çelik ihracatı ve ABD’nin sanayi üretim endeksi arasında çift yönlü nedensellik varken, reel döviz kurundan ABD sanayi üretim endeksine ve Türkiye’nin ABD’ye çelik ihracatına doğru tek yönlü nedensellik olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir. Çalışmanın, özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkeler bağlamında korumacı önlemlere karşı geliştirilebilecek yeni politikaların belirlenmesi açısından önemli çıkarımları olabilir.
