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  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Effects Of Erythropoıetın Pretreatment On Lıver, Kıdney, Heart Tıssue In Pentylentetrazol-Induced Seızures; Evaluatıon In Terms Of Oxıdatıve Markers, Prolıdase And Sıalıc Acıd
    (İstanbul University Press, 2021) Kaptanoğlu, Ayşegül; Kaptan, Zülal; Dar, Kadriye Akgün; Kapucu, Ayşegül; Kaleler, İslim; Üzüm, Gülay
    Objective: The effects of erythropoietin (EPO) which has been frequently studied as an anti-epileptic agent, on peripheral tissues have not been investigated. This study investigated the effects on malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced protein oxidation products (AOPP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), prolidase and sialic acid (SA) levels in the heart, kidney and liver tissues of EPO pretreatment in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures. Materials and Method: Thirty three male adult rats were divided into three groups. A saline-injected control group, a 60 mg/kg PTZ-injected group to induce seizures and a 3000 IU/kg EPO-injected group 24 hours before seizures. After seizure severity and seizure latency were scored, the rats sacrificed, the tissues were immediately removed for biochemical analyses. Results: The PTZ-induced seizures increased MDA in kidney (p<0.01) and AOPP in liver (p<0.05) but didn’t alter these markers in heart tissue. In all three tissues, SOD didn’t change due to seizures. The SA levels increased in the heart (p<0.001), de creased in the kidney (p<0.001), and were unchanged in liver. Prolidase increased (p<0.05) only in kidney, and was unchanged in other tissues. EPO-pretreatment decreased seizure severity and increased seizure latency. It prevented the increase in MDA in the kidney (p<0.01) but increased AOPP (p<0.05) and decreased SOD (p<0.01) and further increased prolidase more than the seizures increased (p<0.01). EPO-pretreatment prevented the increase in AOPP in the liver (p<0.05) but was ineffective in PTZ-induced SA changes in the heart and kidney. Conclusion: We think that the increase in the heart SA level in seizures is an original finding and deserves investigation in the context of seizure-related cardiac arrhytmias. Also, despite the EPO’s anti-seizure effect, increased protein oxidaiton and prolidase, especially in the kidney, is an other important finding that needs further research.
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    An investigation of olfactory bulb and entorhinal cortex volumesin both patients with Alzheimer’s disease and healthy individuals,and a comparative analysis of neuropeptides
    (2020) Kaptan, Zülal; Burakgazi, Gülen; Ünalmış, Demet; Petekkaya, Emine; Kuş, Berna; Arpacı, Abdullah; Melek, İsmet Murat
    Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and is hard to diagnose at the early stages. The pathogenesis of AD is associated with the loss of a sense of smell. Reduction in the volumes of the Olfactory Bulb (OB) and Entorhinal Cortex (EC) is positively correlated with the decline of the smelling function where OB projects to EC. This study aims to detect the early changes in OB and EC volumes in AD patients by comparing them to healthy subjects. This study also aims to make a comparative analysis of plasma levels and the relationship between arginine-vasopressin (AVP) and Oxytocin (OT), which are neuropeptides associated with cognitive functions. The participants comprised 9 AD patients and 12 healthy individuals. We used volumetric methods such as MRICloud and IBASPM to measure the OB and EC volumes with the help of 3D MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) images. We compared the left and right differentiation. Moreover, we investigated the neuropeptide levels in blood samples from the participants. We conducted a correlation analysis for all parameters. Bilateral OB atrophy was discovered in the AD patients in comparison to the control group (p=0.002 for right; p=0.015 for left). The right OB volume was measured to be larger than the left OB volume in the control group,but this asymmetry was not observed in the AD patients. The right and left EC's of the AD patients were atrophic in comparison to the control (p<0.001). The atrophy of the left EC was measured to be higher than that of the right EC (p=0.0008). There was no significant difference between the OT and AVP plasma levels of the AD patients and the control group. The study revealed that the OB and EC volumes of the AD patients were bilaterally reduced in comparison to patients of similar ages. This outcome may indicate that an MRI scan examination of OB and EC volumes may help early AD diagnosis.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Possible Role of Endocannabinoids in Olfactory and Taste Dysfunctions in COVID-19 Patients and Volumetric Changes in the Brain
    (SPRINGER, 2022) Kaptan, Zülal
    Introduction COVID-19 infection develops neurologic symptoms such as smell and taste loss. We aimed to determine the volumetric changes in the brain and correlation of possible related biochemical parameters and endocannabinoid levels after COVID-19 recovery. Methods Brain magnetic resonance images of recovered COVID-19 patients and healthy volunteers, whose olfactory and gustatory scores were obtained through a questionnaire, were taken, and the volumes of the brain regions associated with taste and smell were measured by automatic and semiautomatic methods. Endocannabinoids (EC), which are critical in the olfactory system, and vitamin B12, zinc, iron, ferritin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroxine (T4) levels, which are reported to have possible roles in olfactory disorders, were measured in peripheral blood. Results Taste and smell disorder scores and EC levels were found to be higher in recovered COVID-19 patients compared to controls. EC levels were negatively correlated with bilateral entorhinal cortex (ENT) volumes in the COVID-19 group. Subgenual anterior cingulate cortex volumes showed correlations with gustatory complaints and ferritin in recovered COVID 19 patients. Conclusions The critical fnding of our study is the high EC levels and negative correlation between EC levels and left ENT volumes in recovered COVID-19 patients. Implications It is possible that ECs are potential neuromodulators in many conditions leading to olfactory disorders, includ ing COVID-19.