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    Analysis of Serum Nickel, Silicium, Arsenic and Boron in Smoking Individuals
    (2021) Ercan, Alev Meltem; Karis, Denizhan; Alkan, Fatma Ateş; Uzan, Gülfıdan
    Smoking induces inflammation and oxidative stress via radical production from chemicals resulting in cardiocerebrovascular and respiratory diseases, cancers, stroke and sudden death. Elements found in tobacco plant and tobacco smoke are absorbed into blood circulation and transferred into blood and peripheral tissues. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the alterations of serum nickel (Ni), silicium (Si), arsenic (As) and boron (B) levels in smokers. The study groups were categorized as individuals who quitted smoking (Group 1; n: 35; 15 female/20 male), who were smoking (Group 2; n:35; 13 female, 22 male) and who never-smoked (Group 3; n; 40; 20 female/20 male). Biochemical parameters were analyzed in Biochemistry Laboratory of Haseki Traning and Research Hospital. Serum element levels were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy in Trace Element Laboratory of Biophysics Department of Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty at Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa. ANOVA test and Pearson’s correlation tests were used for statistical analysis and p < 0.05 was evaluated as statistically significant. Serum Ni levels of Group 2 were higher than the other study groups with no significance. Group 2 had statistically higher serum Si and As levels than Group 1 and Group 3 (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively). There was no statistical significance by means of serum B levels among study groups. Increased serum levels of Si and As in smokers might induce atherosclerosis via inflammation, dyslipidemia and burden oxidative stress. Besides, higher serum Ni levels of smokers might reflect its toxic effects. However, serum B was lower in smokers probably related with its consumption in biological defence mechanisms. Monitorization of serum nickel, silicium, arsenic and boron levels should be considered as biomarkers for smokers.
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    Determination of Antifungal Activity Against Invasive Candidiasis Agents and Trace Element Content of Fig Tree Latex Samples Obtained From Trabzon Province
    (International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences, 2021) Ünlü, Özge; Alkan, Fatma Ateş; Özsobacı, Nural Pastacı; Özyüksel, Sedanur; Demirci, Mehmet
    Candidiasis is a major health concern causing both morbidity and mortality. The increasing prevalence of antimicrobialresistant fungi associated with life-threatening systemic mycoses, led a constant need for new antifungal agents. Herbalmedicines have been tried for this purpose for centuries. The antifungal effect of fig tree latex has been reported and some traceelements such as zinc were associated with antifungal effects. The aim of this study was to determine the trace element contentand in-vitro antifungal activity of fig tree latex sample against Candida. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and C. krusei. Figtree latex samples were obtained from four different fig tree at Trabzon province in July 2019. The broth microdilutiontechnique was performed to investigate antifungal activity against standard Candida strains and trace elements level weredetected with Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrophotometer (ICP-OES) analyzer. The most powerfulantifungal activity was reached at a concentration of 0.5 for C. albicans and C. tropicalis, and at a concentration of 0.125 forC. krusei and C. glabrata in fig tree latex. According to trace element analysis, magnesium had the highest level, followed bycalcium and phosphorus. Selenium, aluminium, lead and nickel levels were too low to be measured. As a conclusion, fig treelatex has an antifungal potential against Candida species and this may be caused by the high level of magnesium that it contains,however more studies are needed to understand the therapeutic effects of fig tree latex.
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    Investigation of the Relationship Between Q-Fever Seropositivity and Trace Element Levels in Dairy Cattle
    (Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 2021) Alkan, Fatma Ateş; Mavili, Zehra Seda; Dokuzeylül, Banu; Yaramış, Çağla Parkan; İkiz, Serkan; Saka, Sinem Ülgen; Or, Mehmet Erman
    Query fever (Q fever) which is caused by Coxiella burnetii is a continuing problem as a zoonotic disease in the world. In ruminants, infections are mostly asymptomatic however, abortions and stillbirths may occur during late pregnancy. Trace elements are important for the reproductive performance of ruminants and all have roles in immune function. However, serum trace element levels of Coxiella seropositive infertile and healthy dairy cows have not been investigated yet. The present was aimed to evaluate the trace element status of cattle associated with Coxiella burnetii. For this purpose, 200 dairy cattle with and without clinical problems (infertility, metritis and abortion) were compared. Q fever infection was confirmed with ELISA. Levels of trace elements of samples were analysed utilizing inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrophotometer. Serum levels of trace elements of the samples were expressed as ?g/mL. In total, 20 of 200 sera were diagnosed to be positive by ELISA. Nine of 20 sera were positive from asymptomatic cattle. Seven of 11 sera were positive from cattle with infertility, while 4 of 11 sera were positive from cattle with abortion. No significant differences were found between trace element levels of ELISA seropositive cattle and asymptomatic seropositive cattle. In conclusion, although statistical analysis of serum trace elements is no significant, our findings clearly show that analysis of trace element levels in cattle may be useful predictors in early treatment and prognosis. Further studies are required to clarify the connection between Coxiella seropositivity, trace elements and clinical symptoms in cattle.
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    Visualization of Human Kidney Embryonic Cells by Acoustic Microscopy
    (Celal Bayar University, 2018) Bilen, Bukem; Özsobacı, Nural Pastaci; Alkan, Fatma Ateş; Ünlü, Mehmet Burçin
    The aim of our study is to evaluate the capability of acoustic microscopy with a high frequency transducer for visualization of cells. Human kidney embryonic (HEK293) cells were observed by scanning acoustic microscope (SAM). HEK293 cells cultured on cover glasses were kept in cell culture plates. A transducer with 320 MHz center frequency and a spot size of 4.0 ?m was incorporated into SAM. Two-dimensional acoustic images were obtained successfully to identify the morphology and the acoustic properties of HEK293 cells and the acoustic impedance of HEK293 cells was measured as 1.65 0.02 MRayl. The same cells on cover glasses were observed also with inverted microscope. The results in this study indicate that scanning acoustic microscopy can be used for the determination of elastic properties of cells, therefore for cellular mapping and molecular imaging, since it can create very sharp images of HEK293 cells with a high frequency transducer.