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Öğe Adsorptive separation of adipic acid from aqueous solutions by perlite or its composites by manganese or copper(Techno-Press, 2014) Uslu, Hasan; Demir, Goksel; Bayat, Cuma; Wasewar, Kailas L.; Bamufleh, Hisham S.Adipic acid (hexane-1,6-dioic acid) is one of the most used chemical in industrial applications. This must be separated from any environmental contaminant. In this study, adipic acid separation from wastewater by adsorption method onto Perlite or Perlite + Mn or Perlite + Cu composites was investigated. Adsorption of Adipic acid was investigated in terms of equilibrium, and thermodynamic conditions. For thermodynamic investigations the experiments carried out at three different temperatures (298 K, 318 K, 328 K). In the equilibrium studies, 2 g of perlite and its composites were determined as the optimal adsorbent amount. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were applied to the experimental data. Freundlich isotherms for all temperatures used in this work gave some deviations with R square values under 0.98 where as Langmuir isotherm gave good results with R square values upper 0.99 at different temperatures. As a result of thermodynamic studies, adsorption enthalpy (Delta H), adsorption entropy (Delta S), and adsorption free energy (Delta G) have been calculated for each adsorbents.Öğe Effect of binary extractants and modifier-diluents systems on equilbria of propionic acid extraction(Elsevier, 2009) Keshav, Amit; Wasewar, Kailas L.; Chand, Shri; Uslu, HasanPropionic acid is an important carboxylic acid widely used in chemical industries. The recovery from aqueous waste streams and fermentation broth is of research interest. Extraction of carboxylic acids by reactive extraction using extractant-diluent, mixed extractants in diluents and extractants in mixed diluents etc. are emerging areas of study. With this aim reactive extraction of propionic acid was carried out to study: (i) effect of binary extractants (tri-n-octylamine(TOA):tri-n-butylphosphate (TBP), TOA:Aliquat 336 and TBP:Aliquar 336), (ii) effect of modifier (1-decanol) in different diluents (kerosene, n-octane. n-heptane. petroleum ether, butyl acetate, MIBK. 2-octanol. dodecanol, hexane) and (iii) effect of phase volume. Improved extractions using binary extractants and binary diluents were observed. Since liquid-liquid extraction is dependent on effect of modifier concentration, effect of phase volume, presence of single or binary extractants and binary diluents, the Study will be useful in the design of reactive extraction process for propionic acid recovery. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Extractive Separation of Benzylformic Acid with Phosphoric Acid Tributyl Ester in CCI4, Decanol, Kerosene, Toluene, and Xylene at 298 K(Amer Chemical Soc, 2015) Athankar, Kanti Kumar; Wasewar, Kailas L.; Varma, Mahesh N.; Shende, Diwakar Z.; Uslu, HasanAn equilibrium isotherm of benzylformic acid with phosphoric acid tributyl ester in carbon tetrachloride, decanol, kerosene, toluene, and xylene at 298 K has been studied. The equilibrium data are discussed in terms of partition coefficient (P), dimerization constant (D), overall equilibrium complexation constant (E), and loading factor (phi). Moreover, the distribution coefficient (K-D) and extraction efficiency (eta%) with phosphoric acid tributyl ester in CCl4 is 0.199 to 52.1 and 16.6 to 98.1; in decanol, 5.66 to 45.9 and 85 to 97.9; in kerosene, 0.03 to 73.2 and 2.9 to 98.7; in toluene, 0.381 to 70.3 and 27.6 to 98.6; and in xylene, 0.322 to 57.7 and 24.3 to 98.3, respectively. The extraction efficiency of benzylformic acid was found to be more than 95 % with all these diluents. Loading factor phi < 0.5 was observed and it indicates that only 1:1 benzylformic acid-phosphoric acid tributyl ester complex in above said diluents were formed. Furthermore, the values of overall equilibrium complexation are determined with the relative basicity model using experimental result.Öğe Performance Study of Pervaporation Reactor (PVR) for Esterification of Acetic Acid with Ethanol(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2010) Wasewar, Kailas L.; Patidar, Shyambabu; Agarwal, Vijay K.; Rathod, Ajit; Sonawane, Shriram S.; Agarwal, Richa V.; Uslu, HasanThe most common reaction system studied for the application of pervaporation (PV) is an esterification reaction between alcohol and acid in the presence of a catalyst. In present paper, performance of pervaporation reactor (PVR) for esterification of acetic acid with ethanol was studied. Model equations were developed for reaction and separation in PVR. Model results were validated with experimental results and excellent comparison was obtained. The effect of various parameters such as: reactant ratio, ratio of effective membrane area to volume of reacting mixture, catalyst concentration and flux on the performance of PVR were discussed. The optimum conditions were obtained as: membrane area to volume of reacting mixture = 2 m-1, reactant ratio = 1.5, catalyst concentration = 50 g/l for esterification of acetic acid with ethanol in PVR. The model presented can also be used for the other esterification reactions. The described model allows the evolution of the reaction time necessary to achieve a given conversion. The process parameters: temperature, catalyst concentration, initial molar ratio of acid to alcohol, the ratio of the effective membrane area to the volume of reacting mixture can be changed in order to attain the optimum operating conditions of the pervaporation-esterification coupling operating.Öğe Reactive Extraction of Levulinic Acid by Amberlite LA-2 Extractant(Amer Chemical Soc, 2009) Uslu, Hasan; Kirbaslar, S. Ismail; Wasewar, Kailas L.The production of organic acids at relatively low concentrations in aqueous solutions is typical of both electrochemical and biochemical syntheses. The recovery of these solute species can be achieved by solvent extraction, and the reactive recovery of carboxylic acids from aqueous solutions has received increasing attention. In this study the reactive extraction of levulinic acid was done at 298.15 K, and all experiments were reported on the extraction of levulinic acid by Amberlite LA-2 dissolved in five different esters (dimethyl phthalate, dimethyl adipate, dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, and diethyl carbonate), five different alcohols (isoamyl alcohol, hexan-1-ol, octan-1-ol, nonan-1-ol, and decan-1-ol) and two different ketones (diisobutyl ketone (DIBK) and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK)). Furthermore, single pure solvents (not containing Amberlite LA-2) were used for physical extraction. Experimental results of batch extraction experiments were calculated and reported as distribution coefficients (K(D)), loading factors (T(T)), stoichiometric loading factors (T(S)), separation factors (S(f)) and extraction efficiencies (E). The isoamyl alcohol was found to be the most effective solvent with a maximum distribution value (K(D)) of 68.017. According to the data determined from the experiments, a linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) model equation was found to calculate loading factors (T(T)) for the alcohols with an R(2) value of 0.98.Öğe Status of adsorptive removal of dye from textile industry effluent(Desalination Publ, 2012) Kumar, Pradeep; Agnihotri, Ruchika; Wasewar, Kailas L.; Uslu, Hasan; Yoo, ChangKyooTextile industry is the key user of dyes and hence the prime source of water pollution, which risks aquatic as well as human life. There are various physical, chemical, and biological methods for dye removal, but most convincing is adsorption due to its simplicity. The extensive research has been carried out in this field which has brought a wide range of adsorbents in reach of industries. Freshly obtained off beat adsorbents in addition to direct one present have been used. The present paper aims at the broad classification of adsorbents recently introduced to the arena. The division of adsorbents comprises conventional means like activated carbon ( commercial and derived), zeolite, and other nonconventional adsorbents as natural material, wastes, or even especially designed adsorbents, which are inexpensive and clean to use. Also, the investigations done regarding adsorption lately have been compared with respect to their results. The efficacy of each operation is under grave discussion. Up to 95% of the dye removal was observed in many cases with the adsorbent doses in the range of 1-20 g L (1)
