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Öğe Katılım Bankaları Tarafından Katılım Hesaplarına Uygulanan Kar Payı Ödemeleri ile Geleneksel Bankalar Tarafından Mevduatlara Uygulanan Faiz Oranları Arasındaki İlişkininin Analizi(Hayrettin KESGİNGÖZ, 2019) Tura, Ümit; Kaya, FerudunBu çalışmada katılım bankaları tarafından katılım hesaplarına yapılan kar payı ödemeleri ile geleneksel bankalar tarafından mevduatlara uygulanan faiz oranları arasındaki ilişkininin analiz edilebilmesi amacıyla Vektör Otoregresyon (VAR) modeli kullanılmıştır. İlk olarak değişkenlerin durağanlığına bakılmış ve ardından değişkenler arasında bir eşbütünleşme ilişkisi olup olmadığının incelenmesi amacıyla Johansen Eşbütünleşme Testi yapılmıştır. Daha sonra faiz oranları ile kar payı oranları arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisini incelemek amacıyla Granger Nedensellik Testi ve değişkenlerde meydana gelen şokların, diğer değişkenlerde nasıl bir etki meydana getirdiğini inceleyebilmek amacıyla da Etki Tepki Analizi uygulanmıştır. Granger Nedensellik Testi ile faiz değişkeni kar payı değişkenin nedeni olarak görülmüş, Etki-tepki ve Varyans Ayrıştırması analizleri sonuçlarından da Granger nedensellik testi sonuçlarına paralel bir sonuç elde edilmiştir.Öğe A New Approach to Technical Analysis of Oil Prices(2023) Erer, Elif; Akbıyık, Mücahit; Tura, Ümıt; Çalış, Mehtap; Kaya, Ferudun; Akbıyık, Seda YamaçThe aim of this study is to investigate the oil prices, which have crucial impact of an economy, using new ratios called Nickel ratios instead of the golden ratios on technical analysis. The Nickel ratios are developed considering Nickel Fibonacci sequence. This study is the first to use Nickel ratios in technical analysis in economics and finance. In this study, graphs comprising of weekly, daily, $4-$hour and $30-$minute periods are analyzed using Nickel ratios in Fibonacci retracement, fan, arcs and time zones applications, and the results are compared with the golden ratio obtained from the Fibonacci number sequence. In addition, the support and resistance points obtained from Nickel ratios have more significant levels than the golden ratio. The retracement, fan, arcs and time zones graphs with weekly, daily, four hourly and half-hourly data based on the golden and Nickel ratios show that the levels regarding the Nickel ratios confirm more significant points in comparison with the levels regarding the golden ratios. Finally, more efficient results are observed when the ratios of golden and Nickel are considered together.Öğe TECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF OIL PRICES USING NICKEL FIBONACCI RATIOS(PressAcademia, 2021) Tura, Umit; Akbıyık, Mucahit; Akbıyık, Seda Yamac; Kaya, Ferudun; Erer, Elif; Calıs, MehtapPurpose- The purpose of this study is to investigate support and resistance levels of oil prices which have crucial impacts on economic activities in terms of Nickel Fibonacci ratios and to compare Nickel Fibonacci ratio with Fiboancci ratio based on technical analysis. Oil price is one of the main factors impacting macroeconomic indicators. It is assumed for oil prices to be endogenous since the fluactions in oil prices are affected by the global economic activity (Hamilton, 2003; Kilian, 2008; Hamilton, 2009; He et. al., 2010; Lippi and Nobili, 2012; Cashin et. al., 2014; Baumeister and Kilian, 2016). The serious flucations in oil prices have occured since 1970s, which leads to economic fluctuations. Excessive fluactions in oil prices may influence the certain industries. Investors expect a close relationship between oil prices and financial market since oil prices have a crucial role on the economy (Huang et. al., 1996; El-Sharif et. al., 2005; Cong et. al., 2008; Kilian and Park, 2009; Narayan and Sharma, 2011; Narayan and Gupta, 2015). Thus, prediction of oil prices is of importance for investors and policy makers to make hedging strageties. Methodology- The study employs Nickel ratios based on technical analysis. In the study, weekly, daily, hourly and half-hourly data are used and drawn such as retracement, fan, arcs and time zones to exhibit efficiency of Nickel Fibonacci and Fibonacci ratios. Technical analysis is a method examining past price movements to forecast future prices based on historical prices. It is observed that financial asset prices rise, decrease and repeat their behaviors. The aim of technical analysis is for investors to make profit by determining which level price of a financial asset will buy and sell. By means of this method, buying and selling points of a financial asset is determined by applying formation, indicator and ascillator analysis considering past price movements and volume of a financial asset, and thereby which way its price will move is predicted. Many technical analysis methods state that withdraws in financial asset prices generally disappear based on certain percentages of price movements, and financial asset prices can be effectively estimated by Fibonacci sequence (Pring, 2014: 29). Technical analysts use a variety of technical analysis methods to predict price movements in the stock market. The Fibonacci ratio is a well-known method for predicting the market. In the literature, Fibonacci sequence is used in technical analysis. However, these levels may be unsufficent in predicting of prices. Unlike the liteature, in this study the ratios from Nickel Fibonacci sequence is applied in addition to the ratios from Fibonacci sequence. Nickel Fibonacci sequence has initial values of N0=1 and N1=1. This sequence is created by adding three times of previous number of Nickel Fibonacci to its previous value. As investigated the literature, it is seen for Nickel Fibonacci ratios not to be used in technical analysis. So, to the best of our knowledge, this study is the first paper to calculate Nickel Fibonacci ratios used in technical analysis. Findings- The analysis reveals that support and resistance levels determined by using Nikel ratios have an important role on changes in oil prices and investment decisions. As compared to Fibonacci ratios, the support and resistance points from Nickel Fibonacci are determined to be more significant levels. Also, retracement, fan, arcs and time zones graph generated by Fibonacci and Nickel Fibonacci ratios using weekly, daily, four hourly and half-hourly data indicate that the levels based on Nickel Fibonacci ratios detect more important points than the levels based on Fibonacci ratios. However, it can be stated that more effective results are obtained when Fibonacci and Nickel Fibonacci ratios are used together. Conclusion- Based upon the analysis Findings it may be concluded that Nickel Fibonacci ratios are an important indicator to be considered in technical analysis. In today’s financial markets in which financial technologies develop rapidly, it is seen for robotic transactions to become widespread and and for technical levels to be of importance. The findings from this study reveal a new indicator to be used in technical analysis
