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Öğe AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK-BASED MODEL FOR SHORT-TERM PREDICTIONS OF DAILY MEAN PM10 CONCENTRATIONS(Scibulcom Ltd, 2010) Demir, G.; Ozdemir, H.; Ozcan, H. K.; Ucan, O. N.; Bayat, C.Prediction of particulate matter (PM) in the air is an important issue in control and reduction of pollutants in the air. One of the most useful methods to forecast atmospheric pollution is artificial neural network (ANN) because of its high ability to forecast the atmospheric events. In this study ANN technique has been used to predict the PM10 concentration in Istanbul. Meteorological data and PM10 data, which had been collected from Sariyer-Bahcekoy for the one year data, were used. The data were separated into two groups for training and testing the model. The odd days were used for training and the remaining was used for the testing. The transfer function was sigmoid function. In the model, different hidden neuron numbers were altered for proposed ANN structure. We have altered number of neurons for hidden layer between 2 to 10. The prediction of PM10 of the model during the years 2004-2005 follows the actual values with success, with the best calculated correlation coefficient 0.60.Öğe THE USE OF GLASS AS A PACKAGING MATERIAL, RECYCLING AND A GENERAL OUTLOOK OF THE PROCEDURES IN TURKEY(Int Scientific Conference Sgem, 2008) Albayrak, S.; Demir, G.; Celik, T.; Bayat, C.The world population has been increasing rather fast along with an inevitable rise in the process of industrialization. Today, the world population has reached 7.2 billion and it has been struggling for better standards of life. However, the ecological equilibrium has been tilted off as a result of depletion of natural resources and of the damage to the nature in order to obtain such packaging materials used for the needs of 7.2 billion people, mainly in terms of food and catering sectors as well as textile, furniture and the like. In today's world, people tend to consume foods and beverages known as fast food so as to save their time in a world of competition which renders Volumes Of packaging wastes naturally. In this context, packaging items made of glass are worth considering and relatively more advantageous than others, since they are recyclable and hygienic. Hence, in this work there have been some evaluations and analysis made for glass as a packaging material in Turkey.