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    Batch washing of heavy metals from municipal solid waste (MSW) compost using Na2EDTA and a mixture of Na2S2O5 and Na2EDTA
    (Natl Inst Science Communication, 2007) Elmaslar Ozbas, Emine; Bayat, Curna; Balkaya, Nilgun
    Main factor leading to restricted soil conditioner use of compost is its heavy metal content. This paper deals with the removal of heavy metals from municipal solid waste (MSW) compost using Na(2)EDTA and a mixture of Na2S2O5 and Na(2)EDTA in the batch mode. At the end of extraction studies, for 3 h at 1:25 solid:liquid ratio by using 0.05 M Na(2)EDTA, 100% removal yields were obtained for all metals studied. Further, heavy metal removal (>= 100%) were obtained with 0.01 M Na(2)EDTA and 0.1 M Na2S2O5, at 1:6 solid:liquid ratio, for all heavy metals of this study.
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    Heavy metal amounts in soil and sediments of surface water sources in the industrial regions of Istanbul
    (Destech Publications, Inc, 2007) Ozbas, Emine Elmaslar; Ozcan, H. Kurtulus; Balkaya, Nilgun; Demir, Goksel; Bayat, Cuma
    Today, heavy metal-oriented soil pollution composes a substantial problem, especially in regions with dense industrial activities. Industrial wastes may also be introduced to superficial waters either directly or indirectly, forming a dense accumulation of heavy metal in aquatic sediments. Istanbul exhibits a high density of industrial activities. In this study, soil and sediment samples were taken from 4 superficial water resources in the dense industrial region that borders Istanbul. In the first section of the study, the heavy metal concentrations (Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd) in these samples were determined and compared with each other. In the second section of the study, after the comparison with similar studies in the literature, an assessment was made.
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    Modeling of Methane Distribution in a Landfill Using Genetic Algorithms
    (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2009) Ozcan, H. Kurtulus; Balkaya, Nilgun; Bilgili, Erdem; Demir, Goksel; Ucan, O. Nuri; Bayat, Cuma
    Landfill gas (LFG) results from the biologic decomposition of municipal waste and consists of mostly methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), as well as trace amounts of a variety of other compounds. In this study, the major landfill gas emissions produced in Istanbul Hasdal landfill were investigated and modeled. In the investigated area, CH4, CO2, and O-2 measurements were made for 3.5 years in order to monitor long-term variations. In addition, a supervised algorithm for the evaluation of CH4 concentration using a genetic algorithm (GA) was developed and applied to real data. The model and the actual measurement results were compared and statistically evaluated. It was observed that the long term changes of the CH4 concentrations can be estimated effectively by the GA model structure. A correlation with 0.86 value was ascertained between the actual values and model results. The results of the study indicated that the GA can be used in modeling landfill gases generated in solid waste deposition areas.