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    Removal of Ferrous Iron and Manganese From Water Using Oxidation and Filtration Technique
    (Beykent Üniversitesi, 2009) Tufekci, Nese; Balcioglu, Esra Billur; Demir, Goksel; Borat, Mehmet
    In oxygen-free aquatic environments, such as groundwaters and hypolimnetic waters of eutrophic lakes, iron and manganese exist predominantly in the ferrous state Fe(II) ions and manganese state Mn(II) ions. Even though iron and manganese removal processes used commonly nowadays were invented in the 19th century, there are still significant gaps in our knowledge. The basic process used for iron and manganese removal is to oxide soluble iron and manganese compounds so that they are converted to insoluble iron and manganese compounds, and these oxidation products are removed by either precipitation and/or filtering. For this reason, in this study the oxidation with air process and slow sand filters were used in decreasing iron and manganese concentrations increasing especially during summer to desired limits. Furthermore both of the processes were compared. The oxidation of Fe(II) ions or Mn(II) ions by aeration is analyzed in a reaction tank which consists of 2 L flask where pH and temperature is kept constant. The temperature of the reaction solution and the partial pressure of the oxygen are kept at 25°C and 0.25 atm, respectively. Model filter is made of 10 cm internal diameter and 50 cm height plexiglas material. Two reactors with a volume of 4 L are used. The feeding flow of the reactor is 50 ml/min. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of Mn(II) ions and Fe(II) ions removals in oxide-coated filters and the oxidation of Mn(II) ions and Fe(II) ions with atmospheric oxygen. In literature, even though it is stated that autocatalytic effects are highly clear when the initial concentration of Fe(II) ions and Mn(II) ions are over 5mg/L, the same effect has also been observed in low concentration values by this experiment. Generally the efficiency of Fe (II) ions removal rate with uncoated sand filter is about 85 %, with Fe-Mn coated sand filter it is about 99 %. The removal efficiency rates of Mn(II) ions are approximately 80% and 99% for uncoated filter and Fe-Mn coated sand filter, respectively. As a result, the oxidation rate in the filter is higher than that of in the aeration pool.