A wonderful carnival: An analysis of Lewis Carroll's Alice books as carnivalized Menippean satires
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İstanbul Beykent Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma Lewis Carroll'un Alice Harikalar Diyarında (1865) ve Alice Aynanın İçinde (1871) kitaplarını Menippos hiciv geleneği ve Mihail Bahtin'in karnaval teorisi açısından incelemiştir. Hem Menippos hicvi, hem de karnaval ruhu, var olan toplumsal düzeni alaşağı etmeyi amaçlar. Alice kitapları, Menippos hiciv özelliklerini kullanarak edebiyattaki yerleşik gelenekleri alt üst ederken, kitaplardaki karnaval edimleri ve imgeleri Viktorya Dönemi İngiltere'sinin kültürel ve toplumsal yapısını ters yüz etmiştir. Carroll bu dönüşümleri tahttan indirme, parodi ve grotesk imgeler gibi yıkıcı, fakat güldürücü karnavalesk eylemlere yer vererek gerçekleştirmiştir. Menippos macera hikâyesi ve rüyada yolculuk temaları baskıcı Viktoryen dünya düzenine alternatif karnavalesk dünyalar yaratılmasına yardım etmiştir. Carroll bu yazım geleneklerini kullanarak Viktorya Dönemi görgü kurallarını ve dönemin eğitim sistemini mizahi bir yolla eleştirmiştir. Alice ise, her iki macerasında da, yolculuk ettiği alternatif dünyaların otorite figürlerini tanımayı reddetmiş ve bu süreçte zihinsel olarak olgunlaşmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Carroll'un bu iki kitapta kullandığı Menippos özellikleri ile karnaval edimleri ve imgelerini göz önünde bulundurarak, bu çalışma Alice kitaplarının karnaval ruhu ile dolu Menippos hicivleri olduğunu göstermiştir.
This study has analyzed Lewis Carroll's two Alice books, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865) and Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There (1871) from the standpoint of Menippean tradition and Mikhail Bakhtin's carnival theory. Both Menippean satires and carnival spirit propose a subversive upending of existing social order. The Alice books use Menippean genre characteristics to disrupt established literary traditions while carnival acts and images in the books revert the cultural and social structures of Victorian England. Carroll achieves these reversals through subversive, yet humorous carnivalesque practices such as decrownings, parodies, and employment of grotesque imagery. Menippean adventure plot and the dream frame aid in the creation of carnivalesque worlds that offer an alternative to the authoritative Victorian world order. Carroll utilizes these traditions to humorously parody Victorian ideas of propriety and etiquette, as well as Victorian education. At the end of each adventure, Alice rejects the authority figures of these alternate worlds and undergoes mental maturation in the process. Taking the Menippean qualities and carnivalesque acts and imagery in these works into consideration, the study concludes that Alice books are Menippean satires that are infused with carnival spirit.
This study has analyzed Lewis Carroll's two Alice books, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865) and Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There (1871) from the standpoint of Menippean tradition and Mikhail Bakhtin's carnival theory. Both Menippean satires and carnival spirit propose a subversive upending of existing social order. The Alice books use Menippean genre characteristics to disrupt established literary traditions while carnival acts and images in the books revert the cultural and social structures of Victorian England. Carroll achieves these reversals through subversive, yet humorous carnivalesque practices such as decrownings, parodies, and employment of grotesque imagery. Menippean adventure plot and the dream frame aid in the creation of carnivalesque worlds that offer an alternative to the authoritative Victorian world order. Carroll utilizes these traditions to humorously parody Victorian ideas of propriety and etiquette, as well as Victorian education. At the end of each adventure, Alice rejects the authority figures of these alternate worlds and undergoes mental maturation in the process. Taking the Menippean qualities and carnivalesque acts and imagery in these works into consideration, the study concludes that Alice books are Menippean satires that are infused with carnival spirit.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı, English Linguistics and Literature
