NATO'nun uluslararası/bölgesel güvenlik mimarisine katkıları: Kriz yönetimi/ Kosova örneği
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İstanbul Beykent Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmanın teorik kısmında ''insani güvenlik'' bilhassa ''insani müdahale kavramı'' üzerinde durulmuştur. Değişen uluslararası ortamın NATO'nun misyonunu doğrudan etkilemesi yanında dönüşümünü de zorunlu kılmıştır. Örgüt içerisinde dönüşüm gerçekleştirirken aynı zamanda genişleme ile birlikte derinleşmede gerçekleşmiştir. Böylece NATO bölgesel güvenlik örgütü misyonunu uluslararası güvenlik örgütü misyonuyla güncellemiştir. Değişen uluslararası ortamda tehdit kavramının içeriği de genişlemiş ve NATO yüklendiği sorumluluk kapsamında belli noktalarda müdahalelerde bulunmuştur. Balkanların çok etnisiteli yapısı bölgede yaşanan etnik temizliğe kadar ulaşan birtakım sorunlar nedeniyle uluslararası örgüt müdahalesini zorunlu kılmıştır. Uluslararası güvenliği sağlamakla sorumlu BM'nin bu bağlamda gereken reaksiyonu göstermemesi ve müdahale noktasında yetersiz kalması, NATO'nun uluslararası ortamda en çok konuşulan Kosova müdahalesini gerçekleştirmesine neden olmuştur. ''İnsani müdahale'' gerekçesiyle uygulanan Kosova müdahalesi BMGK onayı olmadan NATO'nun gerçekleştirdiği ilk alan dışı müdahaledir. NATO'nun gerçekleştirdiği alan dışı müdahalede BMGK onayı teamülen aranırken, BM bu anlamda tıkanık bir sisteme sahiptir. BM'de bulunan beş daimî üyenin veto hakkı sebebiyle karar sürecinde kilitlenmeler yaşanmaktadır. NATO'nun alan dışı bölgelere BMGK kararı olmaksızın müdahale etmesi, NATO'yu uluslararası güvenlik konularında aktif bir aktör haline getirmiştir. BMGK onayı olmadan gerçekleştirdiği alan dışı müdahaleler BM'nin yapısında birtakım tartışmalara sebep olmuştur. Bu müdahalenin BM tarafından sorgulanmasına sebep olmasının yanında uluslararası ilişkilerde anlaşmazlık yaşanmasına sebep olan durum ise BMGK onayı alınmadan gerçekleştirilen bir müdahale olmasıdır.
In the theoretical part of this study, the concept of human security, especially humanitarian intervention, is mentioned. The changing international environment has not only directly affected NATO's mission, but also necessitated its transformation. While the transformation was taking place within the organization, there was also a deepening along with the expansion. Thus, NATO updated its regional security organization mission with the international security organization mission. The content of the concept of threat has also expanded in the changing international environment and NATO has intervened at certain points within the scope of its responsibility. The multi-ethnic structure of the Balkans necessitated the intervention of the international organization due to the problems related to the ethnic cleansing in the region. The fact that the UN, which is responsible for ensuring international security, did not show that this scope required it and the intervention was insufficient, caused NATO to carry out the Kosovo intervention, which is the most talked about international weapon. The intervention in Kosovo, which was implemented on the grounds of "humanitarian intervention", is the first out-of-area intervention to run NATO without UNSC approval. While the UNSC approval team is being sought in the out-of-area intervention where NATO has spread, the UN has a congested system in these settlements. There are deadlocks in the decision process of the veto right movement of the five permanent members of the UN. NATO's intervention in non-area areas without a UNSC decision has made NATO an active actor in international security issues. The out-of-area interventions carried out without the approval of the UNSC have caused some debates in the structure of the UN. In addition to causing this intervention to be questioned by the UN, the situation that caused conflict in international relations is that it was an intervention that was carried out without the approval of the UNSC.
In the theoretical part of this study, the concept of human security, especially humanitarian intervention, is mentioned. The changing international environment has not only directly affected NATO's mission, but also necessitated its transformation. While the transformation was taking place within the organization, there was also a deepening along with the expansion. Thus, NATO updated its regional security organization mission with the international security organization mission. The content of the concept of threat has also expanded in the changing international environment and NATO has intervened at certain points within the scope of its responsibility. The multi-ethnic structure of the Balkans necessitated the intervention of the international organization due to the problems related to the ethnic cleansing in the region. The fact that the UN, which is responsible for ensuring international security, did not show that this scope required it and the intervention was insufficient, caused NATO to carry out the Kosovo intervention, which is the most talked about international weapon. The intervention in Kosovo, which was implemented on the grounds of "humanitarian intervention", is the first out-of-area intervention to run NATO without UNSC approval. While the UNSC approval team is being sought in the out-of-area intervention where NATO has spread, the UN has a congested system in these settlements. There are deadlocks in the decision process of the veto right movement of the five permanent members of the UN. NATO's intervention in non-area areas without a UNSC decision has made NATO an active actor in international security issues. The out-of-area interventions carried out without the approval of the UNSC have caused some debates in the structure of the UN. In addition to causing this intervention to be questioned by the UN, the situation that caused conflict in international relations is that it was an intervention that was carried out without the approval of the UNSC.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Uluslararası İlişkiler, International Relations
