Türkiye'de parlamenter sistem uygulaması
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2013
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İstanbul Beykent Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye?deki parlamenter sistemi tarihsel süreç içerisinde inceleyip değerlendirmektir. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış olup mevzuya yaklaşım olarak bütüncül bir bakış açısı getirilmiştir. Koalisyon hükümetlerinin getirdiği zaaflar, temsil krizleri, istikrarsızlık dönemlerindeki askeri müdahaleler, plebisit, kutuplaşma, demokratikleşme ve insan haklarında sıkıntılar sistemin tıkandığı ana noktalardır. Bu çalışma parlamenter sistemin yapısı itibarı ile oluşan sorunlara çözüm getirilmesi açısından önemlidir. Türkiye parlamenter sistemi uygulamasını kavrayışla ele almak, yasama ve yürütme organlarını işleyişi ve siyasi parti çalışmalarıyla ilgili bulguları ortaya koyabilmek çalışmanın ana hedefi olmuştur. Bu konu araştırılırken kavramsal çerçeve çizilerek parlamenter sistemin tanımı, yapısı ve özellikleri, işlevleri, avantajları ve dezavantajları üzerinde durulmuştur. Örnek uygulama olarak kabul edilen İngiltere'nin siyasi tarihi ele alınmıştır. Bu örnek üzerinden karşılaştırma sağlayacak bir biçimde Türkiye siyasi tarihi merhaleleri ile birlikte incelenmiş olup Cumhuriyet öncesi parlamenter sistemi hazırlayan olay ve olgular; Osmanlı dönemi meşrutiyet ve anayasal hareketleri gözden geçirilmiştir. Cumhuriyet tarihinin önemli gelişmeleri olan 1921, 1924, 1962 ve 1982 anayasaları yapım ve uygulama süreçleri parlamenter sistem uygulamaları ortaya konmuştur. Sonuç olarak Türkiye açısından parlamenter sistemin terk edilmesinin uygun olmadığı kanaatine varılmıştır. Çünkü parlamenter sistemin esnekliği sayesinde kriz ve tıkanıklıkları içselleştirerek sürdürülebilir bir siyasi atmosfere dönüştürdüğü idrak edilmiştir.
The aim of this study is to examine and evaluate the Turkish parliamentary system within the historical frame. In this research, the qualitative research method was used, and as an approach a holistic perspective has been brought. Weaknesses brought about by coalition governments, representation crises, military interventions during instability periods, plebiscite, the polarization, democratization and problems in human rights are the main points where the system is clogged. This study is important from the aspect of bringing solutions to the problems caused by the structure of the parliamentary system. To deal the implementation of Turkish parliamentary system conceptually, the legislative and executive bodies, to present the findings of studies related to business and political parties have been the main objective of the study. While the subject was being studied; the definition, structure, features, functions, advantages and disadvantages were emphasized by drawing a conceptual framework. Considered as a leading example, Britain's political history has been dealt. From this comparative example, Turkish political history was examined with its stages; the events and the facts that prepared parliamentary system before the Republic, constitutional movements of the Ottoman period have been reviewed. As the Turkish parliaments important developments; 1921, 1924, 1961 and 1982 constitution's formation and implementation processes, parliamentary system applications were put forward. As a result, it was concluded that abandonment of the parliamentary system is not appropriate for the aspect of Turkey. Forwhy it was realized that the parliamentary system internalizing the crisis and blockages transforms into a sustainable political atmosphere by means of its flexibility. Key Words : Parlamentarian System, Legistation, Execution, Political Parties
The aim of this study is to examine and evaluate the Turkish parliamentary system within the historical frame. In this research, the qualitative research method was used, and as an approach a holistic perspective has been brought. Weaknesses brought about by coalition governments, representation crises, military interventions during instability periods, plebiscite, the polarization, democratization and problems in human rights are the main points where the system is clogged. This study is important from the aspect of bringing solutions to the problems caused by the structure of the parliamentary system. To deal the implementation of Turkish parliamentary system conceptually, the legislative and executive bodies, to present the findings of studies related to business and political parties have been the main objective of the study. While the subject was being studied; the definition, structure, features, functions, advantages and disadvantages were emphasized by drawing a conceptual framework. Considered as a leading example, Britain's political history has been dealt. From this comparative example, Turkish political history was examined with its stages; the events and the facts that prepared parliamentary system before the Republic, constitutional movements of the Ottoman period have been reviewed. As the Turkish parliaments important developments; 1921, 1924, 1961 and 1982 constitution's formation and implementation processes, parliamentary system applications were put forward. As a result, it was concluded that abandonment of the parliamentary system is not appropriate for the aspect of Turkey. Forwhy it was realized that the parliamentary system internalizing the crisis and blockages transforms into a sustainable political atmosphere by means of its flexibility. Key Words : Parlamentarian System, Legistation, Execution, Political Parties
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Siyasal Bilimler, Political Science, Parlamenter Sistem, Yasama, Yürütme, Siyasal Partiler.
