1980 sonrası demokratikleşme sürecinde Türk siyasal hayatında teknokrat olarak Turgut Özal
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
İstanbul Beykent Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Demokrasi, yönetenler ile yönetilenler arasındaki ilişkinin vatandaşların devletin hizmetinde olmadığı, devletin vatandaşlarının hizmetinde olması ilkesine uygun bir açık toplum bulunduğu ölçüde mevcut olmaktadır. Teknokrasi kavramı ise teknik olarak eğitilmiş uzmanların uzmanlık bilgisi ile hâkim siyasi ve ekonomik kurumlardaki konumları sayesinde hüküm sürdüğü bir yönetişim sistemi olarak tanımlanmakta ve demokrasi halkın yönetimine atıfta bulunurken, teknokrasi ise uzmanlar tarafından yönetime atıfta bulunmaktadır. Ülkemizde 1980 sonrası demokratikleşme sürecinin en çarpıcı teknokrat örneği Turgut Özal olmuştur. Aslında demokraside halkın yönetimi söz konusu iken teknokrasi kavramı uzmanların yönetim sürecine dahil edilmesidir. Daha çok liyakat sistemine dayanmaktadır. Bu yönüyle aslında teknokraside demokrasiden uzaklaşıldığı fikirleri de hâkim olmaktadır. Ancak demokrasinin etkin olarak işlemesi halinde teknokratik yönetim modelinden de bahsedilebilecektir. Nitekim 1980 darbesi sonrası yaşanılan bunalımlı süreçte birçok değişikliğe gidilmiş ve siyasi partilerin faaliyete başlaması ile Turgut Özal liderliğinde dönüşüm başlamıştır. Bu bakımdan Özal, 1980 sonrası dönemde Türk Siyasetinde önemli bir figür olarak yer edinmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Özal dönemi Türkiyesi anlatılarak Özal öncesi dönem siyasi ve ekonomik şartları açıklanmış ve Özal dönemi ile sonrası karşılaştırmalar yapılarak Özal'ın liderliği ile erişilen bulgular neticesinde ortaya konularak siyasi karakterinden bahsedilmiş ve günümüz Türkiyesine olan etkileri ile yapılması gerekenler tavsiye niteliğinde açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Democracy exists to the extent that the relationship between the rulers and the ruled exists to the extent that there is an open society in accordance with the principle that the citizens are not at the service of the state, but that the state is at the service of its citizens. The concept of technocracy, on the other hand, is defined as a governance system in which technically trained experts prevail thanks to their expert knowledge and their positions in dominant political and economic institutions, and democracy refers to the rule of the people, while technocracy refers to the administration by experts. Turgut Özal has been the most striking example of technocrats in the post-1980 democratization process in our country. In fact, while the rule of the people is in question in democracy, the concept of technocracy is the inclusion of experts in the management process. Technocracy mostly based on the merit system. In this aspect, the ideas of moving away from democracy in technocracy are also dominant. However, if democracy functions effectively, a technocratic management model can also be mentioned. As a matter of fact, in the depressive process experienced after the 1980 coup, many changes were made and with the start of activities of political parties, transformation began under the leadership of Turgut Özal. In this respect, Özal has become an important figure in Turkish Politics in the post-1980 period. In this study, the political and economic conditions of the pre-Ozal period are explained by explaining the Turkey of the Özal period, and by making comparisons with the Özal period and after, it is revealed as a result of the findings reached with the leadership of Özal, and its political character is mentioned and the effects on today's Turkey and what needs to be done are tried to be explained as a recommendation.
Democracy exists to the extent that the relationship between the rulers and the ruled exists to the extent that there is an open society in accordance with the principle that the citizens are not at the service of the state, but that the state is at the service of its citizens. The concept of technocracy, on the other hand, is defined as a governance system in which technically trained experts prevail thanks to their expert knowledge and their positions in dominant political and economic institutions, and democracy refers to the rule of the people, while technocracy refers to the administration by experts. Turgut Özal has been the most striking example of technocrats in the post-1980 democratization process in our country. In fact, while the rule of the people is in question in democracy, the concept of technocracy is the inclusion of experts in the management process. Technocracy mostly based on the merit system. In this aspect, the ideas of moving away from democracy in technocracy are also dominant. However, if democracy functions effectively, a technocratic management model can also be mentioned. As a matter of fact, in the depressive process experienced after the 1980 coup, many changes were made and with the start of activities of political parties, transformation began under the leadership of Turgut Özal. In this respect, Özal has become an important figure in Turkish Politics in the post-1980 period. In this study, the political and economic conditions of the pre-Ozal period are explained by explaining the Turkey of the Özal period, and by making comparisons with the Özal period and after, it is revealed as a result of the findings reached with the leadership of Özal, and its political character is mentioned and the effects on today's Turkey and what needs to be done are tried to be explained as a recommendation.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Siyasal Bilimler, Political Science, Uluslararası İlişkiler
